Which level of the Social Ecological Model encompasses formal organizations and social institutions?

• A. Individual
• B. Interpersonal
• C. Organizational
• D. Public Policy

Answer: (C)

The organizational level of the Social Ecological Model encompasses formal organizations and social institutions. This level looks at how structures like schools, workplaces, religious groups, healthcare systems, and government agencies shape health by their policies, norms, resources, and environment. For example, a school lunch program, workplace wellness incentives, or hospital infection-control procedures are organizational factors that influence what people do and how easily they can stay healthy. This differs from the individual level, which focuses on personal knowledge and behaviors; the interpersonal level, which centers on relationships and social networks; and the public policy level, which deals with laws and broader regulations that set the framework for entire communities and organizations.